The purpose of the paper is to estimate the influence of building function and orientation, level of thermal protection , its effect on energy efficiency and thermal comfort feeling, namely on PMV. Energy state dynamic modeling of the studied building of a typical preschool educational facility was carried out with different levels of thermal comfort in each of the zones, taking into account occupants’ activity, metabolism, clothing, etc. The received results are compared with the data for a similar building, but intended for office. Such researches are important and critical both in the context of energy efficiency increasing and quality microclimate, as well as for the impact of different requirements for comfort conditions on energy efficiency. The object of research is a preschool educational institution in Kyiv. Based on the simulations, the values of the building energy consumption with different levels of thermal protection and with different heating modes and ventilation were found, using both kindergarten and office as examples. The basic version corresponds to the existing level of thermal resistance of fences; the basic version also considers intermittent heating and ventilation, another - fences in accordance with current Swedish standards. By increasing the thermal resistance from the base version to the Swedish norms, energy consumption is reduced by 32% and 44% for kindergarten and office, respectively, compared to the base version. The introduction of intermittent heating leads to a reduction of energy consumption by 14% and 40% for kindergarten and office, respectively, compared to the base version. Intermittent heating and ventilation and increased thermal protection to Swedish standards can reduce energy consumption by 42% and 75%, respectively. The decrease in energy consumption for the basic version reduces energy consumption by 38.8% due to the room temperature mode. The option of using this building as an office was considered, and the heat perception of employees was modeled taking into account gender, which allows to balance the level of thermal comfort depending on the ratio of working women and men in the considered building work areas. The recommendations provided apply to the heating season for similar temperate climate climate.